What TNRiver46 said, I mean that's dozens of smaller questions all within one.
I'm in Alabama, I can perhaps shine some light on what your home lake might be doing, but you could be on a variety of different types of "lakes".
The more you tell us about the lake, the more folks can give you information that's accurate for your situation.
I read on here early on from member WRB about finding the life zone, in the summer that effectively cuts off half the areas in my home lake I have to look because of the thermocline, however in the winter these fish can go 30ft+ in my home lake now. What he also said however is that after establishing that aspect, find bait. I'm terribly paraphrasing but I really took that to heart along with having my first quality sonar unit, and now my main objective is to find bait on that sonar. If you can do that, you can catch fish.......sometimes the bait this time of year with the warm patterns we get like right now going forward for 8-10days will push up way shallow, then after this huge 3 day deep freeze we had over XMAS, the main lake body in the deepest sections were holding a carpet of baitfish for a thousand yards.
FIND THE BAIT