I fish for panfish exclusively with artificials and fly.
Bluegill, shellcrackers, redbreast, stumpknockers, warmouth and crappie ( which is not really a panfish per se).
With the right downsized tackle they are a blast and a challenge.
For spinning, 6’-7’ ultra light to medium light rods, 2000-2500 reel and 4-6# braid and short leader.
Baitcasting same size rod, BFS reel, 6-8# braid and same leader.
Fly 4-5 wt.
Lures are 1/32-1/8 oz jigs and beetle spins, with and without curly tails. I do catch them on small plastics too.
Flies are spiders ( floating and sinking), wooly buggers, nymphs and such. I have much better luck on sub surface flies than surface.
Colors range from white to black and all colors in between depending on conditions.
This was my biggest last year and came on fly, 1.5# shellcracker.