Wow, that's a lot to ask in one post, but I'll give it a quick shot.
Base your lure selection (type) on the fish's activity level, or what you feel it should be and the type of cover you'll be targeting. Reaction baits for active fish and slower moving baits for neutral. Color selection based on light and water clarity, Natural colors in clear water and more visible colors in stained water. Note: these are guidelines as to where to start, not etched in stone rules.
As for hooks size, base it on the thickness of the soft plastic bait you're using. A good starting point would be a gap at the hook's bend that is twice the thickness of the bait.
Look at the shore before looking in the water. The contour of the land will extend into the water. Points and cuts in the shoreline are indications of structure (changes in bottom contour and water depth) in the surrounding water. Steeper shores mean quicker access to deep water. Shores getting hit by the wave action will have more color to the water, but will be prime areas for active fish. When looking in the water, attempt to determine whether the bottom is hard or soft and what type of cover, if any, is there. You want to shy away from multiple hook baits, or soft plastic baits with multiple appendages in heavy weeds, exposed hooks in brush or wood and baits that would become easily wedged in rocky or rip-rap areas.
Do a search here on shakey heads and Ned rigs. There is a ton of helpful info to be had.
Last, but not least, get out there and wet a line as often as possible. It's the second best way to learn.