Simply put - the lateral line works kind of like sonar, but without the emitting part. It receives info on water pressure and movement. Even in pitch-black water, by sensing minute vibrations in the water that it recognizes as belonging to baitfish, a Bass - or any other predatory fish including sharks - can target them strictly on that info...no visual sense needed.
This is why vibrating lures work so well in stained/dark water...the bass senses it and it's close enough to the vibrations produced by baitfish, that it strikes at the 'food' even without a visual signal.
<- Aquatic Biology major in College