For somebody new to fishing I think it is easier to fish something that is out and back. Crankbaits are good, most topwaters are easy to fish, spinnerbaits are very productive, but I would say use a trailer hook(some guys don't like using them, but they help catch more fish for a beginner). There is less skill involved in catching a fish. I have limited experience with fishing plastics, so therefor, I am less productive with them. It is actually very hard for me to tell when I get a bite. With spinners, topwater or a crankbait you know immediately when you get a bite.
As for specific baits, I like strike king or booyah spinners, they are like $5-$7, however I have caught fish on the Walmart $1 also. I have always been a fan of white. Lipless crankbait, the Cotton Cordell super spot is actually a very good lipless especially if the water isn't clear, and walmart has them for less than $3. And for topwater you can get a generic buzzbait for less than $2, but my go to was always a hula popper, by Arbogast. They are like $6 and you basically just cast it out, hold your rod tip low and jerk it a couple of time, let it sit, and then reel it in. Change up the stop and jerk pattern each time, it has always been productive for me.