Match the hatch.
I'm in Milwaukee, so we're fishing very similar waters. I use a lot of natural colors, because our lakes up here tend to be so clear.
Sexy shad works great at mimicking some of the baitfish up here, but I believe (could be wrong) the healthy diet of most Midwest bass are going to be bluegill, perch, craws and bugs.
So what does that mean? It means blacks and blues, greens and reds, light oranges mixed in. If your lakes have trout, throw trout imitations, it's guaranteed the bass are gorging themselves on em. My staples are green pumpkin, watermelon flake, and black and blue. Everything else comes after. I throw all the whack crazy colors if I'm not getting bit. So that covers colors.
Now lets talk about specific baits. The 5 lures I always have tied on-deck are Jig with craw trailer, Double Willow Spinnerbait, Paddle tail swimbait, Swim jig, and the fifth is a toss up between a frog or a dropshot rig, depending on the season. Can you catch fish with different baits? Of course! But I've found these to be extremely effective for our finicky clear water bucketmouths and bronzebacks.
If I'm specifically targeting smallies, I'll have a lipless, tube jig, twist tail grub, drop shot, and popper for topwater. Those get me consistently bit every year.
Bottom line though, bass are opportunistic feeders. If they're hungry or ticked off, they'll eat just about anything in front of them. I've seen bass strike at garbage floating in the lake. I've seen bass go after bass the same size as them. They don't really think, they just act. Natural instinct. So I'd personally worry more about fishing the right method at the right time in the right place than worry about fishing the right lures. Focusing on Midwest bass patterns, seasonal movements, and where they're likely to be in your lake will get you much further than just worrying about which lure to toss. I could probably go out tonight and catch a bass on a Texas rigged hot-dog if I tried, but that's only because I know where to put it and when.
Long post, I know, but lastly, watch videos man. There's a never ending library of every technique, bait, rod, reel, method somewhere on youtube. I learned from youtube myself, and that's a lot better than some guy like me on a forum telling you what to throw.