I have recently gotten into ultralight trout fishing on rivers, and I have had a bunch of success catching wild Brown and Rainbow trout. I prefer a really short rod, the one I am using right now for my ultralight setup is 5'. I find that casting from the sides of rivers and even some lakes, the short pole makes for far less snags. (Having a small, light setup is nice when you are hiking up rivers too.) I also prefer a fast action, and I don't miss many bites. It also looks cool having a 5' rod with a tiny spinning reel.
If I am fishing a lake, I usually am targeting bass or catfish... so I fish for trout almost exclusively in rivers. All of the rivers I fish are artificial flies or lures only, so no dough baits/salmon eggs/worms/etc... And while I do often tie on a spinner, I have found certain crank baits to be irresistible to wild Trout. (It takes some practice to run them in a river, especially in faster sections, but the reward is worth it.)
My favorite spinners are Blue Fox Vibrax spinners. My favorite crank baits are Rebel Tracdown Minnows, which come in effective trout patterns, I also like Ultralight Minnows from Rapala in trout patterns.
Lately I have had a ton of success with a number 4 Rapala X-Rap in the Rainbow Trout pattern. When fishing spinners and crank baits, generally cast upstream and bring the lure downstream by fish holds, I find fishing fluorocarbon helps get the lure down where you want it. I usually opt for 4lb. (Berkely Vanish is my favorite.) If I am fishing a fly on that setup, I use a fly fishing strike indicator to give myself something heavy enough to cast, and if I am using a dry fly, I use a 2lb mono leader because it doesn't try to sink as much.
At this point I am rambling, but I hope some of the information helps you. If you want to know anything else, feel free to ask.