Rods are rated by two different characteristics, power and action.
Power refers to how much force it takes to deflect it. Heavy takes more than medium heavy takes more than medium takes more than medium light etc. A measure of this is the recommended lure weight and the recommended line pound test. The most important thing is to get a power that is about in the middle of the lure range you plan to use. That way the rod will load properly on the cast and will cast more easily.
Action refers to where in the rod the initial deflection takes place. The descriptive terms are fast, medium, and slow, with extra thrown in to describe the ends of the action spectrum. If the initial deflection is limited to the tip and doesn't go far down the blank, that is an extra fast or fast action. A medium fast goes farther down the blank. A medium goes even farther. A slow will show deflection going way down the blank. Traditional fly rods are an extreme of the descriptor "slow action."
Jigging, finesse fishing of plastics, spinnerbaits are fished best with fast or extra fast action, with the power dependent on the weight of the lures to get good loading.
Treble hook baits, cranks, surface, etc, are fished best on a medium action or medium fast. These actions may be a little easier to cast. But more important than action is the matching of the power to your lure weights. If I were going to cast a large range of lures I would get two different powers in either fast or medium fast, or one of each depending on my lure plans. Since you are fishing from shore with a long line, it would be better to go with faster actions rather than slower in order to get a better hook set.
Since you are sort of new, don't bother trying to get a baitcaster to work. I love to use them, but I've been doing since I was a kid, and they are not difficult for me. But to start with BC is not something I would recommend if you want to fish instead of get frustrated.
Since you are shore fishing go with straight braid (for distance) at first, mottle the last few feet of line with a sharpie to camoflage it, and stick with about 15 pound test of a name brand braid. You will have to learn a couple good knots for braid, as it is slicker than mono and the right knots are critical . No way around it. Don't go above 15 pound test as it will cost you distance. Stay away from flourocarbon line, too many troublesome variables. Many can make it work, many more cannot. FC leaders are ok because they don't get onto the reel. Double uni knots are easy and reliable for tying FC leaders to braid.
With spinning the rod is more important than the reel, IMO. Your first priority should be to get the rod power you want, then the action, then the reel. Don't be afraid of BPS and Cabelas or other companies' combo deals. They are a good way to save $$. I would stick to name brand reels like Shimano, Daiwa, and Abu garcia. There are others as well. Some reel servicers do not service off brand reels.
There are many opinions on this, and there is merit in many of them. This opinion of mine is my attempt to take into consideration first and foremost your description of your background and what you are trying to accomplish.