If you'll walk in to the closest Bass Pro Shops and ask them what bait they sell the most of for bass, you'll get a 6" or 7" Texas Rig plastic worm of their brand. At one time I'd caught more bass on this in purple color than all other baits combined. Then I branched out into basic crankbaits in the shad or chrome colors. When I was a teen, I had a combo for the T-rig and another for the crankbaits. This covered most of the water I fished and most of the fish's moods. Then I branched out to spinnerbaits, Carolina rig, topwaters and other techniques.
For the first combo, a MH spinning combo, 6'6" long, with 10-12 lb mono will do for an all-around most versatile. Again, you can branch out from there. If you want to buy a BC reel at this point, same criteria applies. But the spinning will allow you to cast more light baits.
Start with what's comfy to you that catches fish and move forward. Some days you won't need but one lure. I usually take 5 combos with me and only use 2. One is a T-rig because they'll bite it even when they aren't biting. The other is a quick reaction-type like the Rat L Trap or the aforementioned crankbait. I'll also generally take a topwater bait and a spinnerbait.
For weight on the T-rig worm, use as little as you can get by with given the water conditions (roughness) and wind. Start with 1/8 , 3/16 & 1/4 oz bullet weights to cover the basics. You just have to maintain contact with the bottom. 3/0 or 4/0 Texas rig worm hooks will suffice. Buy a premium brand and you'll be glad you did. They'll set a lot easier.
Watch the videos on this site and YouTube for advice on any technique you're interested in. If you have access to an overpopulated, underpressured pond, try these out there first. You'll gain confidence in it faster.
My current best baits (mind you, I fish mostly in about a 20 acre reservoir):
T-rigged Craw
T-rigged Trick Worm, weightless
Rat L Trap
A popping topwater, like Pop R (early or late in the day)
These have caught 90% of my bass since the water warmed.