I'm not sure if im interpenetrating your question right but i start out with with search lures, lures that cover a lot of water quickly. Personally i start with a spinner because you can fish it in so many different ways. Steady, erratic, fast,slow,deep,shallow and in basically ever type of structure.. Once i locate fish i might switch to a lure that is a bit more specialized for the structure i am fishing. Examples, cranks on sunken rocks. jigs/texas rigs near timber. Frog's over pads or slop.... Or even just stick to my spinner, ha.
But if you are talking about 'basics' of bass fishing. I started with a spinner and pretty much stuck with that for years when i did go bass fishing.... but bass usually wasn't my target species at the time. Believe it or not, i then started using a super top raider (a massive 9'' 3.5 ounce muskie prop lure) because i caught a lot of big bass while muskie fishing, it worked pretty well actually. I got some pretty funny looks throwing a duck sized lure that leaves a boat sized wake in 10 acre lakes haha. But then naturally after i turned onto bass fishing i moved to more traditional bass lures. I think poppers, cranks, flukes and traps first. Then plastic soon after.
To this day i am still trying to learn and practice new and old techniques as much as i possibly can. Whats the point of having a box full of tackle if you only know how to work a few lures?