Daiwa and Shimano. They don't contract through Banax or Doyo as Okuma, Lews, BPS, or Abu. Daiwa has markets in the US, Japan, and Australia. Shimano in Europe, US, and Japan. Most current Daiwa reels are built in Thailand or China. Shimano in Malaysia. Some of both in Japan, and most parts are made their as well, then assembled elsewhere due to costs.