I just know that no matter what bait I throw, I can't catch a winter bass. I've dragged surface lures, soft plastics, crankbaits, spinnerbaits, jerkbaits, and jigs across the ice and didn't even get a hit.
Seriously, @gimruis is right. Bass vary by location. I can catch bass in Lakes Michigan and Superior, on the Mississippi, in northwestern Ontario, and Maine, but drop me on a lake in Texas or Arizona and I wouldn't have a clue. Give me enough time in Texas or Arizona and I'll start catching bass, which is @Mike L's point: We all need to take the time to crack our lakes.
There's a lake in northwestern Ontario where I've spent months of my life fishing, from four in the morning until last light.
One time, I was fishing in a canoe with my dad. We were both steadily catching smallmouth, including a 21-incher that I landed. A pal was in another canoe about 25 yards away, catching nothing.
"They aren't there," I said. "Come fish by us."
"How do you know they're not here?" he asked, clearly disbelieving me.
I knew from fishing his spot many times over many years and catching nothing there. Not in June, July, August, September, nor October.
So, a HUGE part of fishing is failing on a particular body of water, which is how we learn where they're likely to be and what they're likely to hit. So, when you fish and fail, that was time well-spent. You've learned what not to cast and where not to fish next time.
Last May, at one lake, I learned that the bass moved into a zombie reed field to chase golden shiners and that for about two weeks before the new reeds emerged, it was game on. The new reeds ended my bassfest because they were so numerous and tough and the bass freed themselves by banging into them. So, all winter long, I'll be thinking about that zombie reed field on that lake and becoming ever more excited to return to it. I learned the cover and learned the baitfish.
When the reeds started to grow, they were still in there and feeding, but harder to catch. Still, I caught quite a few this size before I started losing them on thicker, taller reeds:
But catching bass in an emerging reed field works on ^this^ lake in Maine in May. I have no clue if it works anywhere else. I got lucky and saw bass chasing shiners in the reeds, which is why I spent many fine mornings there.