I'm assuming you are targeting largemouth bass? And I also assume that the lake/reservoir you are fishing contains a decent population of those predators and the forage on which they need to grow. You do not say what kind of a budget you are on. So, I would recommend purchasing a couple of sets of Spoonplugs and a copy of Elwood "Buck" Perry's book, "Spoonplugging for Bass".
If you can purchase these, you will way ahead of the pack on getting into some decent bass, quickly. You will learn what structure really is. How & why bass relate to it. And how to locate them. Without a sonar, this is probably the most cost effective approach you can take, along with reading all you can about this species and bass fishing in general. The articles above on this site...as well as the postings in various forums on this site, will also guide you in the right direction.
A sonar is not all that expensive. Craig's list has used units for well under $100.00. I'd also recommend you obtain a good hydrographic map of the lake(s) you are going to fish most frequently. Many marinas, as well as your DNR, can probably direct to a source of those kinds of maps. With the sonar and the maps (and either spoonplugs and/or a sonar), you will quickly learn your fishing areas and start to put together patterns to insure your success.
In asking questions here, try to specify the kind of water you are fishing, approx. geographical location, depths you are targeting, water clarity, water temps and general forage base. This way we can probably give you the correct answers you are looking for. Remember also, there are no shortcuts or miracle "lures" that will guarantee your success. The most expensive rod/reel combinations are just inanimate tools. You have to learn to use what you have. Only time on the water and experience will get you to where you want to go. I do hope this is not discouraging you! Good Luck and Welcome aboard!